Dongosolo lalikulu lachedwa. Wopanga mapulogalamu wamkulu amatenga tchuthi chodwala

Dongosolo lalikulu lachedwa. Wopanga mapulogalamu wamkulu amatenga tchuthi chodwala. Makasitomala anu abwino kwambiri atumiza meseji yopempha kuti akupatseni Lachiwiri lapitalo. Ndani ali ndi nthawi yodandaula za mafuta odzola akutsika pang'onopang'ono kuchokera kumbuyo kwaChithunzi cha CNC, kapena kudabwa ngati phokoso laling'ono lomwe mumamva kuchokera ku malo opingasa makina amatanthauza vuto la spindle?
Zimenezi n’zomveka. Aliyense ali wotanganidwa, koma kunyalanyaza kukonza makina sikuli ngati kuyendetsa galimoto kupita kuntchito pamene kumanzere kwa tayala lakumanzere kuli kochepa. Mtengo wolephera kusunga zida za CNC nthawi zonse komanso mokwanira ndi wapamwamba kwambiri kuposa ndalama zosapeŵeka koma zokonzekera zosayembekezereka. Izi zitha kutanthauza kuti mutaya kulondola, kufupikitsa moyo wa zida, komanso mwina milungu ingapo yanthawi yosakonzekera podikirira magawo ochokera kutsidya lina.
Kupewa zonsezi kumayamba ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zosavuta zomwe mungaganizire: kupukuta zida kumapeto kwa kusintha kulikonse. Izi ndi zomwe Kanon Shiu, injiniya wopangira zinthu ndi ntchito ku Chevalier Machinery Inc. ku Santa Fe Springs, California, adati, adadandaula kuti eni ake ambiri a zida zamakina angachite bwino pantchito yosamalira nyumbayi. Iye anati: “Ngati simusunga makinawo aukhondo, akhoza kuyambitsa mavuto.
Monga omanga ambiri, Chevalier amayika ma hoses otulutsa pamadzi akelathesndimakina malo. Izi ziyenera kukhala zabwino kupopera mpweya woponderezedwa pamwamba pa makina, chifukwa chotsiriziracho chikhoza kuwomba zinyalala zazing'ono ndi chindapusa m'dera la njanji. Ngati ili ndi zida zotere, chotengera tchipisi ndi lamba wonyamulira zizikhala zotsegula pokonza kuti chip chisawunjikane. Kupanda kutero, tchipisi zomwe zasonkhanitsidwa zitha kupangitsa injini kuyimitsa ndikuwonongeka ikayambiranso. Zosefera ziyenera kutsukidwa kapena kusinthidwa pafupipafupi, monganso poto yamafuta ndi madzi odulira.

"Zonsezi zimakhudza kwambiri momwe timatsitsira makinawo mofulumira pamene akufunika kukonzedwa," adatero Shiu. “Titafika pamalopo zida zili zauve, zidatenga nthawi yayitali kuti tikonze. Izi zili choncho chifukwa amisiriwa amatha kuyeretsa malo omwe akhudzidwa mu theka loyamba la ulendowo asanayambe kuzindikira vutolo. Zotsatira zake sizikhala nthawi yofunikira, ndipo zitha kuwononga ndalama zambiri zokonzanso. ”
Shiu amalimbikitsanso kugwiritsa ntchito skimmer yamafuta kuti muchotse mafuta osiyanasiyana mu poto yamafuta pamakina. N'chimodzimodzinso ndi Brent Morgan. Monga mainjiniya opangira ntchito ku Castrol Lubricants ku Wayne, New Jersey, akuvomereza kuti kusefukira, kukonza tanki yamafuta pafupipafupi, komanso kuwunika pafupipafupi pH ndi kuchuluka kwa madzi odulirako kumathandizira kukulitsa moyo wa choziziritsa, komanso moyo. zida zodulira komanso ngakhale makina.
Komabe, Morgan amaperekanso njira yokonza madzimadzi yodzipangira yokha yotchedwa Castrol SmartControl, yomwe ingakhudze kukula kwa msonkhano uliwonse womwe umafuna kuyika ndalama pazigawo zoziziritsa zapakati.
Anafotokoza kuti SmartControl yakhazikitsidwa "pafupifupi chaka." Idapangidwa mogwirizana ndi wopanga kuwongolera mafakitale Tiefenbach, ndipo makamaka idapangidwira masitolo okhala ndi dongosolo lapakati. Pali mitundu iwiri. Onsewa amawunika mosalekeza madzi odulira, yang'anani kuchuluka kwake, pH, madulidwe, kutentha, ndi kuchuluka kwa mayendedwe, ndi zina zambiri, ndikudziwitsa wogwiritsa ntchito akafuna chisamaliro. Mitundu yapamwamba kwambiri imatha kusintha zina mwazinthu izi-ngati iwerengeka pang'onopang'ono, SmartControl imawonjezera chidwi, monga momwe ingasinthire pH powonjezera mabafa ngati pakufunika.
"Makasitomala amakonda makinawa chifukwa palibe zovuta zokhudzana ndi kudula kwamadzimadzi," adatero Morgan. "Muyenera kungoyang'ana chowunikira ndipo ngati pali vuto lililonse, chonde chitani zoyenera. Ngati pali intaneti, wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuyang'anitsitsa patali. Palinso hard drive yomwe imatha kupulumutsa masiku 30 akudula mbiri yokonza madzimadzi. ”
Poganizira momwe ukadaulo wa Viwanda 4.0 ndi Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), machitidwe owunikira akutali akuchulukirachulukira. Mwachitsanzo, Kanon Shiu wa ku Chevalier anatchulapo za iMCS (Intelligent Machine Communication System) za kampaniyo. Monga machitidwe onse otere, imasonkhanitsa zidziwitso zamitundu yosiyanasiyana yokhudzana ndi kupanga. Koma chofunikiranso ndikutha kuzindikira kutentha, kugwedezeka ngakhale kugundana, kupereka chidziwitso chofunikira kwa iwo omwe ali ndi udindo wokonza makina.
Guy Parenteau ndiwabwino kwambiri pakuwunika patali. Woyang'anira uinjiniya wa Methods Machine Tools Inc., Sudbury, Massachusetts, adanenanso kuti kuyang'anira makina akutali kumalola opanga ndi makasitomala omwewo kuti akhazikitse maziko ogwirira ntchito, omwe amatha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ndi ma algorithms opangira nzeru kuti azindikire zomwe zimachitika pamagetsi. Lowetsani zolosera zam'tsogolo, zomwe ndiukadaulo womwe ungathe kuwongolera OEE (kuwongolera zida zonse).
"Maphunziro ochulukirachulukira akugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yowunikira zokolola kuti amvetsetse ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito," adatero Parenteau. "Chotsatira ndikusanthula kavalidwe ka chigawocho, kusintha kwa katundu wa servo, kukwera kwa kutentha, ndi zina zambiri mu data ya makina. Mukayerekeza mfundo izi ndi zomwe makinawo ali atsopano, mutha kuneneratu kulephera kwa injini kapena kudziwitsa wina kuti chotchinga chatsala pang'ono kugwa .
Iye adawonetsa kuti kusanthula uku ndi njira ziwiri. Ndi maufulu opezera maukonde, ogulitsa kapena opanga amatha kuyang'anira kasitomalaCNC, monga momwe FANUC imagwiritsa ntchito dongosolo lake la ZDT (zero downtime) kuti liyang'ane patali pa maloboti. Izi zitha kuchenjeza opanga ku zovuta zomwe zingachitike ndikuwathandiza kuzindikira ndikuchotsa zolakwika zomwe zidapangidwa.
Makasitomala omwe sakufuna kutsegula madoko mufirewall (kapena kulipira chindapusa) angasankhe kuyang'anira deta okha. Parenteau adati palibe vuto ndi izi, koma adawonjezeranso kuti omanga nthawi zambiri amatha kudziwa bwino za kukonza ndi kukonza pasadakhale. "Amadziwa luso la makina kapena loboti. Ngati chili chonse chiposa mtengo woikidwiratu, amatha kuyambitsa alamu kusonyeza kuti vuto lili pafupi, kapena kuti kasitomala akhoza kukankhira makinawo mwamphamvu kwambiri. "
Ngakhale popanda njira yakutali, kukonza makina kwakhala kosavuta komanso kwaukadaulo kuposa kale. Ira Busman, wachiŵiri kwa pulezidenti wa utumiki wamakasitomala ku Okuma America Corp. ku Charlotte, North Carolina, anatchula magalimoto ndi magalimoto atsopano monga zitsanzo. Iye anati: “Kompyuta ya galimotoyo imakuuzani zonse, ndipo m’mitundu ina imakukonzerani nthawi yokumana ndi wogulitsa galimotoyo. Makampani opanga zida zamakina atsalira pankhaniyi, koma dziwani kuti akuyenda momwemo.
Iyi ndi nkhani yabwino, chifukwa anthu ambiri omwe adafunsidwa m'nkhaniyi akugwirizana pa chinthu chimodzi: ntchito ya sitolo yosamalira zipangizo nthawi zambiri sikhala yokhutiritsa. Kwa eni zida zamakina za Okuma omwe akufuna thandizo pang'ono pantchito yokhumudwitsayi, Busman adalozera ku App Store ya kampaniyo. Amapereka ma widget a zikumbutso zokonzekera zokonzekera, kuyang'anira ndi kulamulira ntchito, zidziwitso za alamu, ndi zina zotero. Ananena kuti monga ambiri opanga zida zamakina ndi ogawa, Okuma akuyesera kuti moyo pa sitolo ukhale wosavuta momwe angathere. Chofunika koposa, Okuma akufuna kuzipanga kukhala "zanzeru momwe angathere." Monga masensa opangidwa ndi IIoT amasonkhanitsa zambiri zokhudzana ndi mayendedwe, ma motors, ndi zida zina zama electromechanical, ntchito zamagalimoto zomwe zafotokozedwa kale zikuyandikira zenizeni pantchito yopanga. Kompyuta ya makinawo imayang'ana zambiri izi mosalekeza, pogwiritsa ntchito luntha lochita kupanga kuti lidziwe ngati chinachake chalakwika.
Komabe, monga ena anenera, kukhala ndi maziko ofananirako n’kofunika. Busman anati: “Okoma akapanga chingwe chopotera pa chimodzi mwa zingwe zake kapena malo opangira makina ake, timasonkhanitsa mikhalidwe ya kunjenjemera, kutentha, ndi kutha kwa ulusi wopota. Kenako, ma aligorivimu mu owongolera amatha kuyang'anira izi ndipo ikafika pamalo okonzedweratu ikafika nthawi, wowongolera azidziwitsa woyendetsa makina kapena kutumiza alamu ku dongosolo lakunja, kuwauza kuti katswiri angafunike anabweretsedwa.”
Mike Hampton, katswiri wopititsa patsogolo bizinesi ya Okuma pambuyo pogulitsa, adati kuthekera komaliza - kuchenjeza zakunja - kukadali kovuta. “Ndikuyerekeza kuti ndi ochepa okha peresenti yaCNC makinazolumikizidwa ndi intaneti," adatero. "Pamene makampani akudalira kwambiri deta, izi zidzakhala zovuta kwambiri.
"Kuyambitsidwa kwa 5G ndi matekinoloje ena am'manja kungapangitse kuti zinthu zikhale bwino, komabe zimakhala zovuta kwambiri-makamaka antchito a IT a makasitomala athu-kulola kupeza kutali kwa makina awo," Hampton anapitiriza. "Chifukwa chake ngakhale Okuma ndi makampani ena akufuna kupereka chithandizo chachangu chokonza makina ndikuwonjezera kulumikizana ndi makasitomala, kulumikizana ndikadali chopinga chachikulu."
Tsikulo lisanafike, msonkhanowu ukhoza kuonjezera nthawi yowonjezereka ndi zigawo zabwino mwa kukonza zofufuza nthawi zonse za thanzi la zipangizo zake pogwiritsa ntchito timitengo kapena ma laser calibration systems. Izi ndi zomwe Dan Skulan, manejala wamkulu wa metrology yamakampani ku West Dundee Renishaw, Illinois, adatero. Iye akuvomerezana ndi ena omwe anafunsidwa pa nkhaniyi kuti kukhazikitsa maziko oyambirira a makina a makina ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri la dongosolo lililonse lotetezera. Kupatuka kulikonse kuchokera pazoyambira izi kutha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kuzindikira zida zakale kapena zowonongeka komanso zomwe sizili bwino. "Chifukwa choyamba chomwe zida zamakina zimataya kulondola kwa malo ndikuti sizimayikidwa bwino, zimayikidwa bwino, ndikuwunika pafupipafupi," adatero Skulan. “Izi zipangitsa kuti makina apamwamba azigwira bwino ntchito. M'malo mwake, zipangitsa makina ocheperako kukhala ngati makina okwera mtengo kwambiri. Palibe kukaikira kuti kusanja ndiye njira yotsika mtengo komanso yosavuta kuchita. ”
Chitsanzo chodziwika bwino chimachokera kwa wogulitsa zida zamakina ku Indiana. Pokhazikitsa malo opangira makina, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo adawona kuti adayikidwa molakwika. Adayitana Skulan, yemwe adabweretsa imodzi mwamakina a mpira wa QC20-W pakampaniyo.
"X-axis ndi Y-axis apatuka pafupifupi mainchesi 0.004 (0.102 mm). Kufufuza mwachangu ndi muyezo woyezera kutsimikizira kukayikira kwanga kuti makinawo siwofanana, "adatero Skulan. Pambuyo poyika mpirawo mumayendedwe obwereza, anthu awiri amalimbitsa pang'onopang'ono ndodo iliyonse ya ejector motsatizana mpaka makinawo atakhazikika ndipo kulondola kwa malo kuli mkati mwa 0.0002 ″ (0.005 mm).
Mipira ndi yoyenera kwambiri kuti izindikire verticality ndi mavuto ofanana, koma kubwezera zolakwika zokhudzana ndi kulondola kwa makina a volumetric, njira yabwino yodziwira ndi laser interferometer kapena multi-axis calibrator. Renishaw imapereka machitidwe osiyanasiyana otere, ndipo Skulan amalimbikitsa kuti azigwiritsidwa ntchito pokhapokha makinawo atayikidwa, ndiyeno amagwiritsidwa ntchito nthawi zonse malinga ndi mtundu wa ntchitoyo.
"Tiyerekeze kuti mukupanga zida za diamondi za James Webb Space Telescope, ndipo muyenera kusunga kulolerana mkati mwa nanometers pang'ono," adatero. "Pamenepa, mutha kuyesa cheke musanadulidwe kulikonse. Kumbali ina, sitolo yomwe imakonza zida za skateboard kukhala kuwonjezera kapena kuchotsa zidutswa zisanu ikhoza kukhala ndi moyo ndi ndalama zochepa; m'malingaliro mwanga, izi zimachitika kamodzi pachaka, malinga ngati makinawo akhazikika ndikusungidwa pamlingo. "
Mpira ndi yosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito, ndipo pambuyo pa maphunziro ena, masitolo ambiri amathanso kupanga ma laser calibration pamakina awo. Izi ndizowona makamaka pazida zatsopano, zomwe nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi udindo wokhazikitsa mtengo wamalipiro wamkati wa CNC. Kwa ma workshop okhala ndi zida zambiri zamakina komanso / kapena malo angapo, pulogalamuyo imatha kuyang'anira kukonza. Pankhani ya Skulan, iyi ndi Renishaw Central, yomwe imasonkhanitsa ndikukonza deta kuchokera ku pulogalamu ya kampani yoyezera laser ya CARTO.
Kwa ma workshop omwe alibe nthawi, zothandizira, kapena osafuna kukonza makina, Hayden Wellman, wachiwiri kwa pulezidenti wamkulu wa Absolute Machine Tools Inc. ku Lorraine, Ohio, ali ndi gulu lomwe lingachite zimenezo. Monga ogawa ambiri, Absolute imapereka mapulogalamu osiyanasiyana oteteza, kuyambira mkuwa mpaka siliva mpaka golide. Absolute imaperekanso ntchito za mfundo imodzi monga kubweza zolakwika, kukonza ma servo, ndi kuwongolera ndi kuyanjanitsa pogwiritsa ntchito laser.
"Kwa zokambirana zomwe zilibe dongosolo lokonzekera zodzitetezera, tidzachita ntchito za tsiku ndi tsiku monga kusintha mafuta a hydraulic, kuyang'ana kutuluka kwa mpweya, kusintha mipata, ndikuonetsetsa kuti makinawo ali ndi mphamvu," adatero Wellman. "Kwa mashopu omwe amagwira ntchito paokha, tili ndi ma lasers ndi zida zina zofunika kuti ndalama zawo ziziyenda momwe zidapangidwira. Anthu ena amachita zimenezi kamodzi pachaka, ena sazichita kawirikawiri, koma chofunika n’chakuti amazichita kawirikawiri.”
Wellman adagawana nawo zinthu zoyipa, monga kuwonongeka kwa msewu chifukwa chotchinga chotchinga mafuta, komanso kulephera kwa spindle chifukwa chamadzi akuda kapena zisindikizo zakale. Sizotengera kulingalira kwambiri kulosera zotsatira za kulephera kwa kukonzaku. Komabe, adawonetsa zochitika zomwe nthawi zambiri zimadabwitsa eni masitolo: ogwira ntchito pamakina amatha kubweza makina osasamalidwa bwino ndikuwongolera kuti athetse mavuto ogwirizana komanso olondola. "Pamapeto pake, zinthu zimakhala zoipa kwambiri moti makinawo amasiya kugwira ntchito, kapena choyipirapo, wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amasiya, ndipo palibe amene angadziwe momwe angapangire mbali zabwino," adatero Wilman. Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, pamapeto pake zidzabweretsa ndalama zambiri m'sitolo kuposa momwe amakonzera nthawi zonse.